NEET (National Eligibility and Entrance Test) is the primary entry point for prospective medical students in India. The NEET syllabus for 2024 is predicted to be very similar to the current one. The NEET syllabus 2024 contains courses such as Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, concentrating on key ideas from the 11th and 12th grades.
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NEET Syllabus 2024, 2025 Overview
The NEET syllabus is made up of three key subjects: physics, biology, and chemistry. The NEET 2024 syllabus will be nearly identical to the NEET 2023 syllabus. As a result, students must familiarize themselves with the exam structure and curriculum.
Furthermore, the NEET curriculum is planned to emphasize advanced and basic themes from 11th and 12th-grade Physics, Biology, and chemistry.
NEET 2024 Syllabus: Subject and Chapter-wise
As NEET is one of the most difficult competitive exams, applicants should be aware of the NEET 2024 topic-wise syllabus. They should be aware of how many questions will be asked from whatever topic of the specific subject, as well as the NEET subject weightage. The NEET 2024 curriculum will include three subjects: Chemistry, Physics, and Biology. There will be a maximum number of questions from Biology, which will be further separated into Zoology and Botany. It is critical for a candidate to understand the NEET syllabus in terms of themes. They should be aware of how many subjects are covered in each subject so that they may plan their time accordingly. Knowing the topic-by-topic NEET exam curriculum can help the candidate establish confidence and avoid being nervous at the final minute of preparation. Topics in Physics such as Optics, Electrostatics, and Thermodynamics have a high weightage, but topics in Biology such as Genetics and Evolution and Human Physiology have a high weightage.
NEET Biology Syllabus 2024
Let us look at the important themes from the NEET Biology syllabus, as well as the class-wise allocation of subjects and their weightages.
NEET 2024 Biology Class 11 Syllabus
The Class 11 syllabus of NEET 2024 Biology consists of five units.
Unit I: Diversity in Living World
- What is living?; Biodiversity; Need for classification; Three domains of life; Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature; Tools for study of Taxonomy – Museums, Zoos, Herbaria, Botanical gardens.
- Five kingdom classifications; salient features and classification of Monera; Protista and Fungi into major groups; Lichens; Viruses and Viroids.
- Salient features and classification of plants into major groups (Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms (three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of each category); Angiosperms classification up to class, characteristic features and examples).
- Salient features and classification of animals-nonchordate up to phyla level and chordate up to classes level (three to five salient features and at least two examples)
Unit II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
- Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence- cymose and recemose, flower, fruit and seed (To be dealt along with the relevant practical of the Practical Syllabus).
- Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect (cockroach). (Brief account only)
Unit III: Cell Structure and Function
- Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell wall; Cell organelles-structure and function; Endomembrane system-endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, micro bodies; Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultra structure and function); Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus.
- Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins, carbodydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes-types, properties, enzyme action.
- B Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance.
Unit IV: Plant Physiology
- Transport in plants: Movement of water, gases and nutrients; Cell to cell transport-Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport; Plant – water relations – Imbibition, water potential, osmosis, plasmolysis; Long distance transport of water – Absorption, apoplast, symplast, transpiration pull, root pressure and guttation; Transpiration-Opening and closing of stomata; Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients-Transport of food, phloem transport, Mass flow hypothesis; Diffusion of gases (brief mention).
- Mineral nutrition: Essential minerals, macro and micronutrients and their role; Deficiency symptoms; Mineral toxicity; Elementary idea of Hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition; Nitrogen metabolism-Nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation.
- Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis take place; pigments involved in Photosynthesis (Elementary idea); Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and non cyclic and photophosphorylation; Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration C3 and C4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis.
- Respiration: Exchange gases; Cellular respiration-glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); Energy relations- Number of ATP molecules generated; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient.
- Plant growth and development: Seed germination; Phases of Plant growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell; Growth regulators-auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA; Seed dormancy; Vernalisation; Photoperiodism.
Unit V: Human physiology
- Digestion and absorption; Alimentary canal and digestive glands; Role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones; Peristalsis, digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Caloric value of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Egestion; Nutritional and digestive disorders – PEM, indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhoea.
- Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans-Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration Respiratory volumes; Disorders related to respiration-Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders.
- Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; Composition of lymph and its function; Human circulatory system-Structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG, Double circulation; Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of circulatory system-Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure.
- Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system-structure and fuction; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney.
- Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary, fiagellar, muscular; Skeletal musclecontractile proteins and muscle contraction; Skeletal system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant practical of Practical syllabus); Joints; Disorders of muscular and skeletal systemMyasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.
- Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in humanscentral nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system; Generation and conduction of nerve impulse; Reflex action; Sense organs; Elementary structure and function of eye and ear.
- Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine systemHypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea); Role of hormones as messengers and regulators, Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders (Common disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goiter, exopthalmic goiter, diabetes, Addison’s disease). (Imp: Diseases and disorders mentioned above to be dealt in brief.)
NEET 2024 Biology Class 12 Syllabus
The Class 12 syllabus of NEET 2024 Biology consists of five units.
Unit I: Reproduction
- Reproduction in organisms: Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species; Modes of reproduction – Asexual and sexual; Asexual reproduction; Modes-Binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants.
- Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post fertilization events- Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit; Special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation.
- Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea).
- Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness)
Unit II: Genetics and Evolution
- Heredity and variation: Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism- Incomplete dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination-In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.
- Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene expression and regulation- Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA finger printing.
- Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution; Mechanism of evolution-Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution.
Unit III: Biology and Human Welfare
- Health and Disease; Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm); Basic concepts of immunologyvaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse.
- Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal husbandry.
- Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.
Unit IV: Biotechnology and Its Applications
- Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology).
- Application of Biotechnology in Health and Agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified organisms-Bt crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issuesBiopiracy and patents.
Unit V: Ecology and Environment
- Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche; Population and ecological adaptations; Population interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; Population attributes-growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.
- Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; Energy flow; Pyramids of number, biomass, energy; Nutrient cycling (carbon and phosphorous); Ecological succession; Ecological Services-Carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release.
- Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns of Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries.
- Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; Water pollution and its control; Agrochemicals and their effects; Solid waste management; Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect and global warning; Ozone depletion; Deforestation; Any three case studies as success stories addressing environmental issues.
| Name of the chapter | Number of questions asked (Approx.) | Weightage in Per Cent |
|---|---|---|
| Anatomy of Flowering Plants | 0-1 | 2 |
| Animal Kingdom | 2 | 7 |
| Biodiversity and Conservation | 1 | 3 |
| Biological Classification | 0-1 | 2 |
| Biomolecules | 1 | 4 |
| Biotechnology and its Applications | 1 | 3 |
| Biotechnology: Principles and Processes | 1 | 3 |
| Body Fluids and Circulation | 0-1 | 1 |
| Breathing and Exchange of Gases | 0-1 | 2 |
| Cell Cycle and Cell Division | 0-1 | 2 |
| Cell: The Unit of Life, Biomolecules | 0-1 | 2 |
| Chemical Coordination and Integration | 1 | 4 |
| Digestion and Absorption | 1 | 3 |
| Ecosystem | 0-1 | 2 |
| Environmental Issues | 0-1 | 2 |
| Evolution | 0-1 | 2 |
| Excretory Products and their Elimination | 0-1 | 2 |
| Human Health and Disease | 1 | 3 |
| Human Reproduction | 1 | 3 |
| Locomotion and Movement | 0-1 | 2 |
| Microbes in Human Welfare | 0-1 | 2 |
| Mineral Nutrition | 0-1 | 1 |
| Molecular Basis of Inheritance | 2 | 6 |
| Morphology of Flowering Plants | 1 | 5 |
| Neural Control and Coordination | 0-1 | 2 |
| Organisms and Populations | 0-1 | 2 |
| Photosynthesis in Higher Plants | 0-1 | 2 |
| Plant Growth and Development | 0-1 | 1 |
| Plant Kingdom | 1 | 4 |
| Principles and Inheritance and Variation | 1 | 5 |
| Reproduction in Organisms | 0-1 | 1 |
| Reproductive Health | 0-1 | 2 |
| Respiration in Plants | 0-1 | 1 |
| Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants | 1 | 5 |
| Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production | 0-1 | 2 |
| Structural Organisation in Animals | 0-1 | 2 |
| The Living World | 0-1 | 2 |
| Transport in Plants | 0-1 | 1 |
| Total | 90 | 100 |
Best books for NEET Biology
Some of the best books for NEET Biology preparation are as follows:
- 40 Days Biology for NEET by S Chakravarty
- Exploring Biology (Vol 1 & 2) by Sanjay Sharma & Sudhakar Banerjee (Arihant Publications)
- GR Bathla publications for Biology
- Medical Entrances Biology (Vol 1, 2 & 3) by Mamta R Solanki & Lalita Ghotik (Target Publications)
- Moderns ABC of Biology for XI & XII (B B Arora and A K Sabharwal – Modern Publishers)
- Objective Biology (Vol 1, 2 & 3), Dinesh Publications
- Objective Botany by Ansari
- Pradeep’s Publication Biology
- Trueman’s Objective Biology for NEET by M P Tyagi
NEET Physics Syllabus 2024
The NEET Physics syllabus includes courses from both Class 11 and Class 12. Candidates must extensively prepare for all Physics topics in order to pass the exam. The NEET Physics syllabus will include 10 and 9 topics from classes 11th and 12th, respectively. Candidates are recommended to plan topics based on the weightage of marks.
Unit I: Physical-world and measurement
- Physics: Scope and excitement; nature of physical laws; Physics, technology, and society.
- Need for measurement: Units of measurement; systems of units; SI units, fundamental and derived units. Length, mass, and time measurements; accuracy and precision of measuring instruments; errors in measurement; significant figures.
- Dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis, and its applications.
Unit II: Kinematics
- A frame of reference, Motion in a straight line; Position-time graph, speed, and velocity. Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed, and instantaneous velocity. Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, and position-time graphs, for uniformly accelerated motion (graphical treatment).
- Elementary concepts of differentiation and integration for describing motion. Scalar and vector quantities: Position and displacement vectors, general vectors, general vectors and notation, equality of vectors, multiplication of vectors by a real number; addition and subtraction of vectors. Relative velocity.
- Unit vectors. Resolution of a vector in a plane-rectangular component.
- Scalar and Vector products of Vectors. Motion in a plane. Cases of uniform velocity and uniform acceleration- projectile motion. Uniform circular motion.
Unit III: Laws of Motion
- Intuitive concept of force. Inertia, Newton’s first law of motion; momentum and Newton’s second law of motion; impulse; Newton’s third law of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications.
- Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction, lubrication.
- Dynamics of uniform circular motion. Centripetal force, examples of circular motion (vehicle on level circular road, vehicle on banked road).
Unit IV: Work, Energy and Power
- Work done by a constant force and variable force; kinetic energy, work-energy theorem, power.
- Notion of potential energy, the potential energy of a spring, conservative forces; conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential energies); nonconservative forces; motion in a vertical circle, elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.
Unit V: Motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body
- Centre of mass of a two-particle system, momentum conservation, and centre of mass motion. Centre of mass of a rigid body; centre of mass of uniform rod.
- Moment of a force,-torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum with some examples.
- Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation, and equation of rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions; the moment of inertia, the radius of gyration. Values of M.I. for simple geometrical objects (no derivation). Statement of parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications.
Unit VI: Gravitation
- Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth.
- Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential. Escape velocity, orbital velocity of a satellite. Geostationary satellites.
Unit VII: Properties of Bulk Matter
- Elastic behavior, Stress-strain relationship. Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear, modulus of rigidity, poisson’s ratio; elastic energy.
- Viscosity, Stokes’ law, terminal velocity, Reynold’s number, streamline and turbulent flow. Critical velocity, Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications.
- Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, excess of pressure, application of surface tension ideas to drops, bubbles and capillary rise.
- Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; thermal expansion of solids, liquids, and gases. Anomalous expansion. Specific heat capacity: Cp, Cv- calorimetry; change of state – latent heat.
- Heat transfer- conduction and thermal conductivity, convection and radiation. Qualitative ideas of Black Body Radiation, Wein’s displacement law, and Green House effect.
- Newton’s law of cooling and Stefan’s law.
Unit VIII: Thermodynamics
- Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature (zeroth law of Thermodynamics). Heat, work and internal energy. First law of thermodynamics. Isothermal and adiabatic processes.
- Second law of the thermodynamics: Reversible and irreversible processes. Heat engines and refrigerators.
Unit IX: Behaviour of Perfect Gas and Kinetic Theory
- Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas.
- Kinetic theory of gases: Assumptions, concept of pressure. Kinetic energy and temperature; degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy (statement only) and application to specific heat capacities of gases; concept of mean free path.Unit X: Oscillations and Waves
- Periodic motion-period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion(SHM) and its equation; phase; oscillations of a spring-restoring force and force constant; energy in SHM –Kinetic and potential energies; simple pendulum-derivation of expression for its time period; free, forced and damped oscillations (qualitative ideas only), resonance. 70
- Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of wave motion. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics. Beats. Doppler effect
NEET 2024 Physics Class 12 Syllabus
The NEET 2024 Physics syllabus will cover nine topics in Class 12. Candidates must pay attention to the quantity of questions from each topic on the NEET 2024 Physics-Class 12 Syllabus. The topics covered in the Class 12 NEET Physics syllabus are listed below.
Unit I: Electrostatics
- Electric charges and their conservation. Coulomb’s law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution.
- Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines; electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole; torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.
- Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside)
- Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges: equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of electric diploes in an electrostatic field.
- Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor, Van de Graaff generator.
Unit II: Current Electricity
- Electric current, the flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity and mobility, and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (liner and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity, and conductivity.
- Carbon resistors, color code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance.
- Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel.
- Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications. Wheatstone bridge, metre bridge.
- Potentiometer-principle and applications to measure potential difference, and for comparing emf of two cells; measurement of internal resistance of a cell.
Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
- Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment. Biot-Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop.
- Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Cyclotron.
- Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in a magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.
- Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron. Magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis. Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements.
- Para-, dia-and ferro-magnetic substances, with examples.
- Electromagnetic and factors affecting their strengths. Permanent magnets
Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
- Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced emf and current; Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance.
- Alternating currents, peak and rms value of alternating current/ voltage; reactance and impedance; LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits, wattles current.
- AC generator and transformer.
Unit V: Electromagnetic Waves
- Need for displacement current.
- Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (qualitative ideas only). Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves.
- Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.
Unit VI: Optics
- Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications optical fibres, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lensmaker’s formula. Magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact combination of a lens and a mirror. Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism.
- Scattering of light- blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset.
- Optical instruments: Human eye, image formation and accommodation, correction of eye defects (myopia and hypermetropia) using lenses.
- Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.
- Wave optics: Wavefront and Huygens’ principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wavefronts.
- Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens’ principle.
- Interference, Young’s double hole experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources and sustained interference of light.
- Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum.
- Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes. Polarisation, plane polarized light; Brewster’s law, uses of plane polarized light and Polaroids.
Unit VII: Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation
- Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation- particle nature of light.
- Matter waves- wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation. Davisson-Germer experiment (experimental details should be omitted; only conclusion should be explained).
Unit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei
- Alpha- particle scattering experiments; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones.
- Radioactivity- alpha, beta and gamma particles/ rays and their properties decay law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission and fusion.
Unit IX: Electronic Devices
Energy bands in solids (qualitative ideas only), conductors, insulators and semiconductors; semiconductor diode- I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, diode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Junction transistor, transistor action, characteristics of a transistor; transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator. Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR). Transistor as a switch.
NEET chapter-wise weightage for Physics
The following table brings the topics from the NEET Physics syllabus along with their weightage.
| Name of the chapter | Number of questions asked (Approx.) | Weightage in percent |
|---|---|---|
| Alternating current | 1 | 4 |
| Atoms | 0-1 | 1.5 |
| Current electricity | 2 | 8 |
| Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | 2 | 6 |
| Electric Charges and Fields | 1 | 4.5 |
| Electromagnetic induction | 1 | 4 |
| Electromagnetic waves | 1 | 5 |
| Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | 1 | 4.5 |
| Gravitation | 0-1 | 2 |
| Kinetic theory | 1 | 3 |
| Laws of Motion | 1 | 3 |
| Magnetism and Matter | 1 | 2.5 |
| Mechanical Properties of Fluids | 0-1 | 2 |
| Mechanical Properties of Solids | 0-1 | 2 |
| Motion in a Plane | 0-1 | 1.5 |
| Motion in a Straight Line | 0-1 | 1.5 |
| Moving Charges and Magnetism | 1 | 2.5 |
| Nuclei | 0-1 | 1.5 |
| Oscillations | 0-1 | 1.5 |
| Physical World, Units and Measurements | 0-1 | 2 |
| Ray optics and optical instruments | 1 | 5 |
| Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits | 2 | 6 |
| System of Particles and Rotational Motion | 1 | 5 |
| Thermal Properties of Matter | 0-1 | 2 |
| Thermodynamics | 2 | 9 |
| Wave optics | 1 | 5 |
| Waves | 0-1 | 1.5 |
| Work, Energy and Power | 1 | 4 |
| Total | 45 | 100 |
Best books for NEET Physics
Some of the best books for NEET Physics preparation are as follows:
- 40 Days Physics for NEET by S B Tripathi
- Concepts of Competition Physics for CBSE PMT by Agarwal
- Concepts of Physics by H C Verma
- Fundamental Physics by Pradeep
- Fundamentals of Physics by Halliday, Resnick, and Walker
- NCERT Physics by Anil Aggarwal
- Objective Physics By DC Pandey
- Objective Physics by Prof. Satya Prakash Arya (MTG Publishers)
- Physics for NEET by C P Singh
- Problems in General Physics by I E Irodov
NEET Chemistry Syllabus 2024
The following paragraphs bring the important topics from the NEET syllabus 2024 for Chemistry and their weightage.
NEET 2024 Chemistry Class 11 Syllabus
The NEET 2024 Chemistry syllabus of Class 11 part will consist of 14 units.
Unit I: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
- General Introduction: Important and scope of chemistry.
- Laws of chemical combination, Dalton’s atomic theory: concept of elements, atoms and molecules.
- Atomic and molecular masses. Mole concept and molar mass; percentage composition and empirical and molecular formula; chemical reactions, stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry.
Unit II: Structure of Atom
Atomic number, isotopes and isobars. Concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of matter and light, de Broglie’s relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, concept of orbital, quantum numbers, shapes of s,p and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals- Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principles and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of atoms, stability of half filled and completely filled orbitals.
Unit III: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
Modern periodic law and long form of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elementsatomic radii, ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electrone gativity, valence.
Unit IV: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure, polar character of covalent bond, valence bond theory, resonance, geometry of molecules, VSEPR theory, concept of hybridization involving s, p and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules, molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative idea only). Hydrogen bond.
Unit V: States of Matter: Gases and Liquids
- Three states of matter, intermolecular interactions, types of bonding, melting and boiling points, role of gas laws of elucidating the concept of the molecule, Boyle’s law, Charle’s law, Gay Lussac’s law, Avogadro’s law, ideal behaviour of gases, empirical derivation of gas equation. Avogadro number, ideal gas equation. Kinetic energy and molecular speeds (elementary idea), deviation from ideal behaviour, liquefaction of gases, critical temperature.
- Liquid State- Vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension (qualitative idea only, no mathematical derivations).
Unit VI: Thermodynamics
- First law of thermodynamics-internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat, measurement of U and H, Hess’s law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of : bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution and dilution.
- Introduction of entropy as state function, Second law of thermodynamics, Gibbs energy change for spontaneous and non-spontaneous process, criteria for equilibrium and spontaneity.
- Third law of thermodynamics- Brief introduction.
Unit VII: Equilibrium
Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constant, factors affecting equilibrium- Le Chatelier’s principle; ionic equilibrium- ionization of acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes, degree of ionization, ionization of polybasic acids, acid strength, concept of pH., Hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea)., buffer solutions, Henderson equation, solubility product, common ion effect (with illustrative examples).
Unit VIII: Redox Reactions
Concept of oxidation and oxidation and reduction, redox reactions oxidation number, balancing redox reactions in terms of loss and gain of electron and change in oxidation numbers.
Unit IX: Hydrogen
Occurrence, isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen; hydridesionic, covalent and interstitial; physical and chemical properties of water, heavy water; hydrogen peroxidepreparation, reactions, uses and structure.
Unit X: s-Block Element (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals)
- Group I and group 2 elements:
- General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship, trends in the variation of properties (such as ionization enthalpy, atomic and ionic radii), trends in chemical reactivity with oxygen, water, hydrogen and halogens; uses.
- Preparation and Properties of Some important Compounds
- Sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogencarbonate, biological importance of sodium and potassium.
- Industrial use of lime and limestone, biological importance of Mg and Ca.
Unit XI: Some p-Block Elements
- General Introduction to p-Block Elements.
- Group 13 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous properties of first element of the group; Boron, some important compounds: borax, boric acids, boron hydrides. Aluminium: uses, reactions with acids and alkalies.
- General 14 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous behaviour of first element. Carbon, allotropic forms, physical and chemical properties: uses of some important compounds: oxides.
- Important compounds of silicon and a few uses: silicon tetrachloride, silicones, silicates and zeolites, their uses.
Unit XII: Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques
- General introduction, methods of purification qualitative and quantitative analysis, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds.
- Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and hyper conjugation.
- Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: free radials, carbocations, carbanions; electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions.
Unit XIII: Hydrocarbons
- Alkanes- Nomenclature, isomerism, conformations (ethane only), physical properties, chemical reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation, combustion and pyrolysis.
- Alkanes-Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene), geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation: chemical reactions: addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov’s addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition.
- Alkynes-Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of- hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water.
- Aromatic hydrocarbons- Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature; Benzene; resonance, aromaticity; chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution-Nitration sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s alkylation and acylation; directive influence of functional group in mono-substituted benzene; carcinogenicity and toxicity.
Unit XIV: Environmental Chemistry
Environmental pollution: Air, water and soil pollution, chemical reactions in atmosphere, smogs, major atmospheric pollutants; acid rain ozone and its reactions, effects of depletion of ozone layer, greenhouse effect and global warming-pollution due to industrial wastes; green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution, strategy for control of environmental pollution.
NEET Chapter-wise weightage for Chemistry
The following table brings the topics from the Chemistry section in NEET along with their weightage.
| Name of the chapter | Number of Questions asked (Approx.) | Weightage in percent |
|---|---|---|
| Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers | 2 | 4 |
| Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids | 2 | 4 |
| Bio-Molecules | 1 | 3 |
| Chemical bonding | 2 | 5 |
| Chemical Kinetics | 1 | 3 |
| Chemistry in everyday life | 1 | 2 |
| Coordination Chemistry | 4 | 9 |
| d-and f-block elements | 2 | 4 |
| Electrochemistry | 1 | 2 |
| Environmental Chemistry | 1 | 2 |
| Equilibrium | 3 | 6 |
| General Principles and Process of Isolation elements | 1 | 2 |
| Halo alkanes and Haloarenes; Amines | 1 | 3 |
| Hydrocarbons | 1 | 3 |
| Hydrogen | 1 | 3 |
| N containing Organic Compounds | 1 | 3 |
| Organic chemistry some basic principles and techniques – 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Organic chemistry some basic principles and techniques – 2 | 1 | 2 |
| p-block elements(13 14) | 2 | 3.5 |
| p-block elements(15 16 17 18) | 2 | 3.5 |
| Periodic table | 1 | 2 |
| Polymers | 1 | 3 |
| Redox reactions | 1 | 3 |
| s-block elements | 1 | 2 |
| Solutions | 2 | 5 |
| States of Matter | 1 | 2 |
| Structure of Atom | 1 | 2 |
| Surface Chemistry | 1 | 2 |
| The Solid State | 1 | 2 |
| Thermodynamics | 4 | 8 |
| Total | 45 | 100 |
Best books for NEET Chemistry
Some of the best books for NEET Chemistry preparation are as follows:
- 40 Days Chemistry for NEET by Sudhanshu Thakur
- Boyd for Organic Chemistry
- Concise Inorganic Chemistry by J D Lee
- Modern’s ABC of Chemistry (Part 1 & 2)
- Objective Chemistry (Volume I, II & III)
- Objective Chemistry by R K Gupta
- Organic Chemistry by Himanshu Pandey (GRB Publication)
- Organic Chemistry by Morrison
- Physical Chemistry by OP Tandon (G R Bathla Publications)
- Practice books
- Inorganic Chemistry – V K Jaiswal
- Organic Chemistry – M S Chauhan
- Physical Chemistry – N Awasthi
NEET 2024 Exam Pattern
The NEET exam syllabus has remained the same over the years. However, the structure of the NEET question paper has changed in the past two years. Each subject consists of two sections. Section A will consist of 35 Questions and Section B will have 15 questions, out of these 15 Questions, candidates can choose to attempt any 10 Questions. So, the total number of questions remained the same. The duration of the exam has increased by 20 minutes and the total duration is 200 minutes or 3 hours and 20 minutes. The below table will help candidates understand better.
| Sections | Number of Questions | Total Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Physics Section A | 35 | 140 |
| Physics Section B | 15 | 40 |
| Chemistry Section A | 35 | 140 |
| Chemistry Section B | 15 | 40 |
| Botany Section A | 35 | 140 |
| Botany Section B | 15 | 40 |
| Zoology Section A | 35 | 140 |
| Zoology Section B | 15 | 40 |
NEET 2024 Marking Scheme
The table below brings the marking scheme of NEET 2024.
| Response Type | Marks awarded |
|---|---|
| Correct answer | +4 |
| Incorrect answer | -1 |
| Question with more than one response | -1 |
| Unanswered question | 0 |
| Extra attempted question | 0 |